Cellulose chains are linear and aggregation occurs via both intra- and intermolecular hydrogen bonds.Cellulose has a strong affinity\r\nto itself and toward materials containing hydroxyls groups. Based on the preponderance of hydroxyl functional groups, cellulose is\r\nvery reactive with water. At room temperature, cellulose chains will have at least a monomolecular layer of water associated to it.\r\nTheformation of hydrogen bonds at the cellulose/water interface is shown to depend essentially on the adsorption site, for example,\r\nthe equatorial hydroxyls or OH moieties pointing outward from the cellulose chains. The vdWforces also contribute significantly\r\nto the adsorption energy.They are a considerable cohesive energy into the cellulose network. At the surface of the cellulose chains,\r\nmany intermolecular hydrogen bonds of the cellulose chains are lost. However, they are compensated by hydrogen bonds with\r\nwater molecules. Electronic clouds can be distorted and create electrostatic dipoles. The large antibonding electron cloud that\r\nexists around the glucosidic bonds produces an induced polarization at the approach of water molecules. The electron cloud can\r\nbe distorted and create an electrostatic dipole. It applies to the total displacement of the atoms within the material. Orbitals play a\r\nspecial role in reaction mechanism. Hydrophilic/hydrophobic nature of cellulose is based on its structural anisotropy. Cellulosewater\r\ninteractions are exothermic reactions. These interactions may occur spontaneously and result in higher randomness of the\r\nsystem. They are denoted by a negative heat flow (heat is lost to the surroundings). Energy does not need to be inputted in order\r\nfor cellulose-water interactions to occur.
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